RTP estimates a game’s long-run returns; the house edge is the casino’s...
https://www.quantifiedstrategies.com/rtp-variance-and-expected-value-applying-a-quantitative-framework-to-online-casino-gaming/
RTP estimates a game’s long-run returns; the house edge is the casino’s theoretical share. At 96% RTP, the house edge is 4%. Volatility shapes swings. In a short session, results can vary widely and may fall far below the RTP.